Manual Testing Questions

What is Smoke Testing?

Smoke Testing: This is build acceptance Testing performed after build is released to the Testing. This Testing is done to check the major functionalities are working fine or not.

What is Sanity Testing?

Sanity Testing: This is build acceptance Testing performed after build is released to the Production. This Testing is done to check the major functionalities are working fine or not.

What is Re-Testing?

Retesting: Retesting is performed after Defect is fixed to verify whether fix is working fine

What is Regression Testing?

Regression: Regression is performed in 3 ways to make sure existing functionality is not disturbed during the changes.

1. Whenever new build is released

2. Whenever a defect is fixed

3. Whenever environment changes are happened

What is UAT?

UAT (User acceptance Testing): UAT is performed verify whether build is acceptable to customer before releasing to the production. We have 2 types of UAT testing:

1. Alpha - Testing

2. Beta - Testing

Alpha-Testing is performed at development site in the presence of the customer

Beta-Testing is performed at production site in the presence of the customer

What is Defect Life Cycle:

Defect Life Cycle: We can say Defect Life Cycle means "the travel of the defect from Open status to Closed status"

There different phases of a Defect:

1. Open

2. In progress

3. Fixed

4. Resolved

5. Closed

6. Reopened

7. Invalid

8. Deferred

-> Whenever a Tester raised the defect, the status of the defect is 'open'.

-> It is moved to "Inprogress" when Developer accepts the defect as Bug

-> When developer gives the fix for the defect then, the status is moved to 'Fixed'

-> Once the defect is fixed, Tester does Retesting. If functionality is working as expected, the status is moved to 'Resolved'

-> If the Functionality is not working as expected, then the status of the defect is moved to 'Re-Opened'

-> All Resolved Defects are moved to the 'Closed' status by the Test Lead.

-> Whenever defect is raised and developer thinks it is working fine. He changes the defect status to 'Invalid'

-> If there are any minor defects and those are not required to fix in the current release the Defect status is moved to 'Deferred' 

What is the deferred status?

If there are any minor defects and those are not required to fix in the current release then, the Defect status is moved to 'Deferred'.

What is Priority and its Levels?

Priority tells How urgency, the defect need to be fixed. It is Client Point of View.

Priority Levels can be:

1. Blocker

2. Critical

3. Major

4. Medium

5. Minor

6. Low

What is Severity and its Levels?

Severity tells the impact of the defect on the application. 

Deferent Severity Levels are:

1. Blocker

2. Critical

3. Major

4. Medium

5. Minor

6. Low

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Variables and Methods

Variables:

Variable is a name given to a memory location in which, we can store some value which can be used in a program.

Variable Declaration: It is process of specifying what type of data to be stored into the memory location.

              Syntax:     datatype <variable_name>  OR datatype <var1>, <var2>, <var3>

Ex: 

                          int age;  (age is a variable name given to a memory location where we can store integer type of data)

                          float marks;

                          char c;

                          boolean status;

 

1. A Java program can contain any number of variables.

2. In java language, the variable must be first declare then use it. We cannot use the variable without declaring it.

Rules in a variable Declaration:

·         A java program can contain any number of variables

·         The declaration of the variable is dynamic that means we can declare a variable anywhere in a program.

·         The variable in java language must be first declare and use. (java is strongly typed language)

·         When a variable is declared, the memory for that variable is allocated depending upon the data type that is specified

·         Once a variable is declared, the memory for that variable will be allocated and the variable will be automatically initialized with the default value of that corresponding data type.

Data Type                    Default Value            Data Type                     Default Value

  byte                ->                  0                           float                                    0.0

  short               ->                  0                           double                                0.0

  int                  ->                   0                           char                                    space

  long               ->                   0                           boolean                               false

 

              The default data type under integer category is “int”. The default data type under floating point category is “double”.

              If a variable is declared and if we do not provide any value, then that variable will be automatically initialized with the default value.

 

Declaring and Initializing a Variable:

              The variable can be initialized with our own values at the time of declaration.

Syntax:

          datatype <variable_name> = <value>;                     (OR)

          datatype <variable_name1> = value1, <variable_name2> = value2  so on……

Ex:    int a = 12;        OR      int a=10, b=20, c=30;

Initialization: The process of providing a value to the variable for the first time is called a initialization.

Assignment: The process of providing a value to a variable second time onwards is called a assignment.

              The value of a variable can be changed during the execution of a program that a variable can be assigned any number of times but variable can be initialized only one time.

              Ex:       int a=10;          // Initializing

                          int a=20;          // Assigning

Note: We can also call a value as a literal.

                          int a = 10;                    // 10 is integral literal

                          float b = 12.2               // 12.2 is floating point literal

                          char c = ‘$’                  // $ is character literal

Method: A method is a block of code that perform some task or an action.

JVM executes a method only when we call or invoke it.

We write a method once and use it many times. We do not require to write code again and again.

A method must be declared within a class.

A method can be called any number of times.

Method Creation Syntax:

              <access specifier> <return type> <method name>(parameters list){

            //Method body

}

Example of Method Creation:

public void addition(int a, int b) {

           System.out.println(a+b);

}

A method contains Two parts. Method Header and Method Body. Method header contains 4 components those are access specifier, return type, method name and parameters.

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